by (Adverb) — So as to pass a given point. ex. "every hour a train goes by"
by (Adverb) — In reserve; not for immediate use. ex. "put something by for her old age"
by (Preposition) — In the neighbourhood of, close to. ex. "my house is by the church"
by (Preposition) — By means of; with aid of; through the act or agency of. ex. "destroyed by fire"
by (Preposition) — Used in specifying adjacent dimensions. ex. "a room ten by twenty metres"
by (Preposition) — At some time before; before the end of a given time interval. ex. "get it done by 9am tomorrow"
by (Preposition) — On, in traversing. ex. "came by the path"